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Janka Hardness Scale
How Hard are Hardwoods?
Each hardwood species has unique physical properties, and when it come to hardness, North American hardwood species vary widely. For example, the hardest commercially available hardwood is hickory, and it is five times harder than aspen, one the soft hardwoods.
|
Species |
Pressure to Mar in Pounds |
|
|
|
|
Hickory, Pecan |
1,820 |
|
Hard Maple |
1,450 |
|
White Oak |
1,360 |
|
Beech |
1,300 |
|
Red Oak |
1,290 |
|
Yellow Birch |
1,200 |
|
Green Ash |
1,200 |
|
Black Walnut |
1,010 |
|
Soft Maple |
950 |
|
Cherry |
950 |
|
Hackberry |
880 |
|
Gum |
850 |
|
Elm |
830 |
|
Sycamore |
770 |
|
Alder |
590 |
|
Yellow Poplar |
540 |
|
Cottonwood |
430 |
|
Basswood |
410 |
|
Aspen |
350 |
|
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